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(Criminal Justice) Police Discretion & Corruption Assignment

(Criminal Justice) Police Discretion and Corruption - Assignment Example Enormous police divisions are bound to be degenerate. This is on...

Sunday, March 29, 2020

Illegally Downloading free essay sample

Make Illegal downloading music files punishable by law All people who download files have got two options; download the legal way, or the illegal way. With legal downloading the buyer pays a certain amount of money for the music file he or she downloads, which goes to the artist, the record company and, in some cases, to the distributed of the file. But illegal downloading prevents record companies, artists and distributes to generate Income. In addition, downloading music files on the internet has become increasingly popular amongst internet users.Around 95 percent of all music is downloaded without payment to artists or producers. (John Kennedy, Digital music report 2009, 2009, p. 3). It is crystal clear that Illegal downloading has become a case of significant size and harms the total music Industry. Illegally downloading music files should become punishable by law. Illegal downloading is actually a way of stealing files which do not belong to the illegal downloaded. We will write a custom essay sample on Illegally Downloading or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In everyday life you see shoplifters, bank robbers and so on. These crimes make It to the newspaper and the Journals.Illegally downloading music files is not a crime that is recognized soon, it is not that obvious as stealing fruits out of a grocery store. But in the end, it still is a way of making something yours which does not belong to you. This description is another way of pointing out that you are stealing somebodys property. Looking from an economical or financial perspective you can conclude that artists, record companies and distributes of music are missing substantial amounts of money due to illegal downloading. Independent research conducted for the BPI byJupiter Research shows that the record business will lose ?200 million In revenue due to illegal downloading in 2009. Between 2007 and 2012 the cumulative effect will be El . 2 billion. (G. Taylor, The Guardian, May 22, 2009). Notice that these numbers are only counting the losses In the United Kingdom, according to that, It Is obvious that the losses covering the complete Industry are substantially larger. Due to the fact that the record companies and distributes are missing lots of money it happens that record companies and distributes go bankrupt. An example is Swing-Len. Former local music store situated In Ennui, The Netherlands. According to owner Aaron Mass, the store was suffering from decreasing sales due to the increasing downloading market. Running the business was no longer profitable, so Mass decided to strike off his store from the Dutch Chamber of Commerce in early 2008. Now we see that people lose their Jobs due to decreasing sales and eventually bankruptcies. Unless bands, record companies and distributes are missing lots of money there are bands which claim to have no problems with people who are downloading their USIA Illegally. An example of such a band Is the Dutch band Voices. Frontal T]red Bamboo pointed out that his band has no problems with illegally downloading music: 1 OFF En think we can earn back the money were missing because of downloading by selling more tickets for our gigs due to greater awareness. (2009, March 5). NOS Urinal pop 3 [Television broadcast]. Ere statement that Desert Bamboo makes may be true for him and his band but there are other bands which do not need this downloading to gain more awareness. Think of bands like Coldly, 1. And Green Day, they are missing money due to illegal downloading. Still, illegal downloading is another way of making something yours Nat does not belong to you. So, first of all illegal downloading is another way of stealing. In addition, artists, record companies and stores which sell music are missing lots of money. And of course it can cost people in these industries their Jobs, which is not good for the employment. Unless there are people out of the music industry who claim that downloading music illegally is no issue for them, it is still stealing other peoples.

Saturday, March 7, 2020

Unattainable ideals Essays

Unattainable ideals Essays Unattainable ideals Essay Unattainable ideals Essay Despite the health risks of some procedures, cosmetic surgery has boomed in commercial cultures. In Brazil the number of plastic surgery procedure jumped between 1996 and 1999 by 50 percent, to three hundred thousand, with the majority for purely aesthetic reasons. (Guernsey 2006, p. 180). In the United States the number of women who had breast enlargement surgery increased from thirty thousand in 1992 to eighty seven thousand in 1997. While number of men getting tummy tucks and nose reduction also increased, women represent 86 percent of the total 7. 4 million cosmetic surgeries performed in the United States.Outside the West as well, women now go to great lengths to conform to a white, Western physical ideal. Young women in East (Guernsey 2006, p. 181). Asia undergo cosmetic surgery to create creased eyelids, while in China dieting has become a fad for urban teenage girls. With raising standards of living and an expanding market for beauty products, the Chinese body ideal has changed from large to small, When I was young, people admired and were even jealous of fat people since they thought they had a better life, the manager of a Chinese weight loss center recalled. She explained in 1999 that fat is now considered awful. Binge eating is commonly connected to bulimia, with cycles of binge eating and vomiting closely intertwined (Blackburn et. al 2006, p. 24). It is also commonly connected with the culture of being overly concerned of looking fat that is initiated by family, friends and the media (Guernsey 2006, p. 181). The extent to which women feel dissatisfaction with their physical appearance is evident by adolescence. In the contemporary United States over half of thirteen-year-old girls and three-quarters of eighteen-year-old girls express dissatisfaction with their bodies.A 1986 study found that 70 percent of fourth-grade girls reported concern about their weight and that about half of them dieted. By age eighteen 60 to 80 percent of Americans girls, but only 15 percent of boys, had been on diets. According to British therapist Susie Orbach, up to 60 percent of six-to-nine-year-old girls worry about their body shape and size. (Liu Yufanf, 1999, p. 23) A study of both white and Asian girls in Great Britain revealed that a preoccupation with thinness among nine-year-old girls had a direct beating on the development of eating disorders.Liu Yufang, a diminutive young woman in China, expressed the sentiments behind this widespread phenomenon: I always want to lose weight. Everyone I knew is trying to be thinner. Women who do not meet the standards of the ultra-thin models are more than likely to compare their own bodies to those of the thin models in advertisements. According to Gayle R. Bassenoff, author of this study, Women who already have low opinions of their physical appearance are at an even greater risk for negative effects from media images. (Liu Yufanf, 1999, p. 24)Distorted body image is the result of comparison with unattainable ideals. This motivates people on the preoccupation with dieting. Three quarters of a large sample of American women considered themselves fat, even though one-quarter were not technically overweight and an-other 30 percent were actually underweight. Of those now diagnosed with anorexia and bulimia in the United States, 90 percent are female. Obsessed with the intake of food and control of their weight, these women can lose more than 25 percent of their body weight, either through dieting and exercise of through eating bingers followed by purging.Long-term effects include loss of bone density and heart problems. Some, such as singer Karen Carpenter and gymnast Christy Henrich, have literally starved themselves to death. Although the anorectic women are usually portrayed as a white, middle-class American, other women are by no means immune from eating problems. In the United States, Becky W. Thompson argues, Latina and African American women may use food to anesthetize the traumas of racism and poverty.Between one-thirds of the American women of color she studied had been sexually abused, and Thompson found that these women were likely to dissociate from their bodies. As one of her subjects, Rosalee, put it, dieting is one of those last-ditch efforts to make everything all right in your life when that is not the cause of the problem to begin with. Dieting, Thompson suggested, provided a way to transform the abused body, while purging represented a rejection of the body held responsible for its own abuse (Media’s Effect on Body Image).